Posted on May 21, 2009 in Latest News
Pregnant women with no previous history of diabetes can develop gestational diabetes. Gestational diabetes during pregnancy can influence the way our body uses the primary source of fuel – glucose. It is suggested that during pregnancy, the usage of glucose is considerably affected by the hormones released by the placenta.
In some women, secretion of these (placental) hormones can impair the ability of the body to use insulin properly. Over secretion of these hormones in late pregnancy can progressively hinder normal insulin movement into the cells. Since insulin is needed to convert sugar and starches (obtained from food) into energy, without proper insulin activity the level of sugar in the blood rises.
Who are at Risk to Develop Gestational Diabetes?
Gestational diabetes can develop in women older than 25 years of age and who are Hispanic, black, American Indian or Asian. Apart from this, the risk increases in women had diabetes during previous pregnancy or have family history of diabetes. Over weight (30 or higher BMI) women or those with history of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at greater risk.
Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy Risks in Growing Babies
Gestational diabetes can hamper the normal development of a baby in a number of ways:
- Large Babies: When placenta is exposed to extra glucose, this can trigger the pancreas of the baby to produce more insulin. Excess insulin production can make the baby grow large and may increase the risk of birth-related injuries caused related to cesarean section.
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Babies can also suffer from breathing difficulty. They may need help breathing till their lungs get stronger.
- Hypoglycemia Leading to Seizure: Shortly after birth, babies borne to mothers with gestational diabetes may develop low blood sugar due to high insulin production. Severe episodes might cause seizures in babies.
- Neuro-motor Problem: The child may suffer from difficulties doing activities that require balance and coordination. He may also have attention problem.
- Jaundice: If baby’s liver is not mature to break down bilirubin, this can lead to jaundice.
- Type to Diabetes: Later in life, babies borne to mothers with gestational diabetes may develop type II diabetes and obesity.
Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy Risk in Mothers
In mothers, gestational diabetes can cause extra large babies, premature delivery, seizure and stroke besides leading to preeclampsia, increasing risk of type II diabetes and urinary tract infection (UTI).
When to Visit Your Doctor?
It is advised to evaluate your risk of developing gestational diabetes preferably before pregnancy. Otherwise, if you are already detected with gestational diabetes, your problem can be addressed as a part of prenatal care. You might be referred to other healthcare professionals, like an endocrinologist or a regular dietitian to help you manage the blood sugar level.
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